Filter In ASP.NET Core

Understanding Filters in .NET Core

· Filters allow us to run custom code before or after executing the action method.

· The filters are invoked at specific stages in the request processing pipeline.

· We can create custom filters to eliminate duplicate code in our application.

Types of Filters in .NET Core

1. Authorization Filters

· Authorization filters are executed first to determine whether the user is authorized for the current request.

· They can short-circuit the pipeline if a user is unauthorized.

2. Resource Filters

· Resource filters handle the request after authorization.

· They can run code before and after the rest of the filter pipeline is executed.

· They execute before model binding and can be used to implement caching.

3. Action Filters

· Action filters run code immediately before and after the controller action method is called.

· They can manipulate the arguments passed into an action.

4. Exception Filters

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Understanding Filters in .NET Core

· Filters allow us to run custom code before or after executing the action method.

· The filters are invoked at specific stages in the request processing pipeline.

· We can create custom filters to eliminate duplicate code in our application.

Types of Filters in .NET Core

1. Authorization Filters

· Authorization filters are executed first to determine whether the user is authorized for the current request.

· They can short-circuit the pipeline if a user is unauthorized.

2. Resource Filters

· Resource filters handle the request after authorization.

· They can run code before and after the rest of the filter pipeline is executed.

· They execute before model binding and can be used to implement caching.

3. Action Filters

· Action filters run code immediately before and after the controller action method is called.

· They can manipulate the arguments passed into an action.

4. Exception Filters

· Exception filters handle exceptions that occur before anything is written to the response body.

5. Result Filters

· Result filters run code before or after the execution of controller action results.

· They are executed only if the controller action method executes successfully.

The diagram below illustrates how these filters interact in the filter pipeline during the request and response lifecycle.

Filter Pipeline Diagram

Synchronous and Asynchronous Filter Implementation

· Synchronous filters run code before and after their pipeline stage, using OnStageExecuting and OnStageExecuted methods.

· Asynchronous filters use a single OnStageExecutionAsync method, taking a FilterTypeExecutingContext and a FilterTypeExecutionDelegate to execute the filter’s pipeline stage.

· For example, an ActionExecutionDelegate calls the action method, allowing code execution before and after the action method.

Synchronous Filter Example

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;

namespace Filters
{
    public class CustomActionFilter : IActionFilter
    {
        public void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context)
        {
            // To do: before the action executes
        }

        public void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext context)
        {
            // To do: after the action executes
        }
    }
}

Asynchronous Filter Example

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;

namespace Filters
{
    public class CustomAsyncActionFilter : IAsyncActionFilter
    {
        public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)
        {
            // To do: before the action executes
            await next();
            // To do: after the action executes
        }
    }
}

Adding Filter Scope and Order of Execution

· A filter can be added to the pipeline at one of three scopes: by action method, by controller class, or globally (applied to all controllers and actions).

· Filters need to be registered in the MvcOption.Filters collection within the ConfigureServices method.

Register Filters Diagram

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